Treating severe paediatric asthma: the TREAT trial
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN12109108 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN12109108 |
| EudraCT/CTIS number | 2019-004085-17 |
| IRAS number | 252084 |
| Secondary identifying numbers | CPMS 44294, IRAS 252084 |
- Submission date
- 13/01/2020
- Registration date
- 21/01/2020
- Last edited
- 23/08/2024
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Overall study status
- Ongoing
- Condition category
- Respiratory
Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
2-5% of children with asthma have repeated hospital admissions with asthma attacks, school absences and poor quality of life despite being prescribed maximal doses of treatment. A period of treatment monitoring using an electronic device can distinguish patients that have improved control when they take their inhalers properly from those who remain poorly controlled despite taking their treatment; severe therapy-resistant asthma (STRA).
Apart from high-dose steroids, which result in severe side effects, there are two medications licensed as add-on treatments in children with STRA. Both are given as regular injections in hospital. Omalizumab can currently only be used in about 60% of children with STRA because prescribing is limited by a blood test called IgE that is related to allergies and also the child’s weight. Of those in whom omalizumab can be tried, only about half respond. Mepolizumab was licenced for use in children in 2018. Although safety and the doses have been evaluated, no studies have assessed whether it helps children with STRA. The aim of this study is to determine whether mepolizumab is as efficacious as omalizumab in reducing asthma attacks in children with STRA and refractory DA.
Who can participate?
All recruiting sites have a specialist severe asthma service for children. All school-age children aged 6-16 years referred with poor asthma control despite being prescribed maximal asthma inhaler therapy are eligible for the run-in and screening for adherence. In addition, children already attending the clinics at each site that have not yet been prescribed additional medications, or who may have had a previous failed trial of omalizumab, are eligible for the run-in as well.
What does the study involve?
The researchers first check that children with severe asthma are taking their inhalers using electronic monitoring. All children that have poor control despite taking their inhalers (STRA), and those who fail to take their inhalers regularly despite our best efforts to achieve this (these children are at high risk of asthma death), are eligible. The following tests are done at each visit (once a month):
1. Lung function tests (spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide): blowing and breathing tests. These are done routinely at every clinic appointment
2. Symptoms questionnaire: any asthma attacks in the last 4 weeks
3. Quality of life questionnaire: the impact of asthma on the child’s activity and emotions
The following tests are done at the first visit, then at one month and 4 months:
1. A blood test (about one teaspoon, or 5 ml) to look at the number of eosinophils
2. A sputum (phlegm) test
3. Throat swab for infection
4. A urine sample (about one teaspoon, or 5 ml) is taken and tested for cigarette smoke exposure
5. A pregnancy test - before receiving the study treatment, a pregnancy test is done but only for children who are of potential child-bearing age
The following tests are done only once at the beginning of the study:
1. Blood tests (about one teaspoon, or 5 ml) and skin tests to assess allergy status
2. Bronchoscopy samples (ONLY to be taken from children who need a bronchoscopy as part of their routine care)
2.1. This includes washings from the airways (broncho-alveolar lavage) and bronchial biopsies (tiny pieces of tissue taken from the airway wall using forceps)
2.2. There is one extra test if a child is having a bronchoscopy. This test involves taking some cells that line the walls of the airways including the nose using a special brush through the bronchoscope (for the lower airways). This test is performed routinely in children as part of normal clinical care. The brushing may cause a very small amount of bleeding. These tests will be performed at the end of the procedure and are just for research. They will take about 3 minutes.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Participants may receive a newly licenced treatment for severe asthma that not many centres in the UK can currently prescribe. Their eligibility for omalizumab will not be restricted by the current NHS guidelines, as all children will receive at least one treatment, regardless of the current NHS rules.
The monitoring period, many of the assessments including bronchoscopy and omalizumab are part of routine clinical care. There may be some side effects from omalizumab, but these cannot be predicted, and in the researchers' experience of using it in children so far, there have been no side effects that have caused significant harm. Omalizumab can rarely cause discomfort in arms and legs, may make a patient feel dizzy or tired, result in a rash, or pain in the ears. The most common side effects known about for mepolizumab are that it can cause headache, skin reactions where the injection was given, back pain and tiredness. However, the researchers are not aware of all of the potential side effects of mepolizumab in children as it has not been used very much at all in children. It is also possible that the treatment will not benefit participants’ asthma, but this cannot be predicted and would be the same even if a patient was not in the study.
Where is the study run from?
1. Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
2. Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
3. University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
4. University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust (UK)
5. University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust (UK)
6. NHS Lothian (UK)
7. Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
8. Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
9. King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
10. Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust (UK)
11. NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (UK)
12. Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (UK)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
August 2019 to July 2026
Who is funding the study?
NIHR Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation Programme (UK)
Who is the main contact?
Claire Streatfield
treat_trial@imperial.ac.uk
Contact information
Scientific
National Heart & Lung Institute
Imperial College London
368 Sir Alexander Fleming Building
London
SW7 2AZ
United Kingdom
 ORCID ID |
0000-0001-5192-6418 |
|---|---|
| Phone | +44 (0)2075943167 |
| s.saglani@imperial.ac.uk |
Scientific
Imperial Clinical Trials Unit
Imperial College London
Stadium House
68 Wood Lane
London
W12 7RH
United Kingdom
| Phone | +44 (0)207 594 3403 |
|---|---|
| treat_trial@imperial.ac.uk |
Study information
| Study design | Randomized; Interventional; Design type: Treatment, Process of Care, Drug, Management of Care, Active Monitoring |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Randomised controlled trial |
| Study setting(s) | Hospital |
| Study type | Treatment |
| Participant information sheet | Not available in web format, please use the contact details to request a patient information sheet |
| Scientific title | Treating severe paediatric asthma: a randomised controlled trial of mepolizumab and omalizumab (TREAT trial) |
| Study acronym | TREAT |
| Study hypothesis | 2-5% of children with asthma have repeated hospital admissions with asthma attacks, school absences and poor quality of life despite being prescribed maximal doses of treatment. A period of treatment monitoring using an electronic device can distinguish patients that have improved control when they take their inhalers properly from those who remain poorly controlled despite taking their treatment; severe therapy-resistant asthma (STRA). Apart from high-dose steroids, which result in severe side effects, there are two medications licensed as add-on treatments in children with STRA. Both are given as regular injections in hospital. Omalizumab can currently only be used in about 60% of children with STRA because prescribing is limited by a blood test called IgE that is related to allergies and also the child’s weight. Of those in whom omalizumab can be tried, only approximately half respond. Mepolizumab was licenced for use in children in 2018. Although safety and the doses have been evaluated, no studies have assessed whether it helps children with STRA. In this trial the researchers will first check that children with severe asthma are taking their inhalers using electronic monitoring. All children that have poor control despite taking their inhalers (STRA), and those who fail to take their inhalers regularly despite our best efforts to achieve this (these children are at high risk of asthma death), will be eligible. They will have routine clinical tests e.g. breathing tests, blood tests, and bronchoscopy (look inside the lungs with a fibreoptic camera under general anaesthetic) and will be randomly assigned to either receive omalizumab or mepolizumab for 1 year. The researchers want to know whether mepolizumab is at least as good as omalizumab in reducing asthma attacks in children with severe asthma over the year they are taking the treatment and also what features may predict a good response to either treatment. |
| Ethics approval(s) | Approved 29/01/2020, Berkshire Research Ethics Committee (Easthampsted Baptist Church, South Hill Road, Bracknell RG12 7NS, UK; Tel: +44 (0)207 104 8360, +44 (0)2071048046; Email: nrescommittee.southcentral-berkshire@nhs.net), REC ref: 19/SC/0634 |
| Condition | Severe paediatric asthma |
| Intervention | The trial will be undertaken at 11 specialist paediatric asthma centres across the UK. All children who are referred to the centres with poor asthma control despite being prescribed maximal inhaled therapy (this maximal dose has been defined by the British Thoracic Society Guidelines for managing asthma) will be eligible for entry into the run-in phase of the trial. Children that are already being seen in the clinics who are on maximal treatment, but have poor control, will also be eligible. The lead consultant for the trial at each centre will identify children who are eligible. Their details will be given to the research nurses who will be recruiting, and the nurses, or the doctors will give the parents/legal guardians and the child the information sheets about the trial. The family will be given at least 24 hours, they can have longer if needed, to decide whether they are interested and would like to take part. The nurse will contact the family to answer any questions, provide clarity, and if agreeable, she will book them to come in for a screening visit for the run-in period. That visit can be combined with the family’s next routine clinic appointment, or it can be an extra visit at a time that is most convenient to the family. Screening visit for run-in The nurse or doctor will go over the information sheet again with the child and parents and will ensure any concerns/questions are addressed. Consent for run-in will then be taken. The child will undergo lung function tests (routine clinical breathing tests), the family will answer a questionnaire which includes information about asthma control and current prescribed medication and the nurse will go over inhaler technique to ensure the child is taking their inhaler properly and will issue the family with an electronic monitoring device which fits on to the regular inhaled steroid inhaler that the child should be using. She will tell the family it will record every time the child takes their inhaler, and that we want to ensure 80% adherence before we will randomise for the add-on treatments. 8-12 weeks – end of run-in visit The child and family will be asked to return at the end of at least 8 weeks monitoring, this visit will also be combined when possible with a routine clinic visit, therefore the return can be between 8-12 weeks as these children are routinely seen 3 monthly in clinic. The family will complete a questionnaire about asthma control and again repeat the lung function tests. The data from the monitor will be downloaded and related to control, if the child has taken their inhaler at least 80% of the time and control has improved, they will not move into the randomisation phase, as maintaining good adherence will allow them to maintain asthma control. Poor adherence, but good control will also not continue, as that child may have been overprescribed treatment. If the child has poor adherence and poor control, they will be given a different monitoring device, which not only records doses taken, but also includes a way of checking technique, that an inhalation was taken and reminder functions. Children will also have a period of directly observed therapy (DOT) during which their inhaler treatment will be given while supervised by teachers in school. This is to aid improved adherence before randomisation, this will be done for a further 8 weeks. They will return after enhanced monitoring, if at that stage they still have poor control, they will move onto the randomisation phase, regardless of adherence as they are at high risk of very severe attacks. Children who have good adherence, but poor control will be eligible to move on to the randomisation phase. Clinical bronchoscopy visit All children who are due to be randomised will undergo clinically indicated bronchoscopy (this is current clinical practice prior to starting an add-on therapy). The bronchoscopy is a test undertaken under general anaesthetic during which a fibreoptic camera is passed down into the lungs and enables samples to be collected to make sure there is no infection and also that the cells in the lungs fit with those seen in severe asthma. Informed consent is routinely taken for the procedure, and for this trial, additional consent will be sought for additional research samples to be taken, or if parents do not want that to be done, then any surplus samples to be used for this study. There are some samples that we would like to take just for research and we will only take those with consent. Blood tests are also taken during the bronchoscopy, the researchers will ask for consent to take some extra blood for research to measure the IgE level and eosinophils. They will also ask for consent for blood to be taken for a genotype - as there are now several genes that have been identified and associated with severe asthma in children. The researchers want to know whether the response to the medications to be used is determined by the child's genotype. Randomisation visit and subsequent visits Within 4 weeks of the bronchoscopy, the child and family will attend for their randomisation visit and initiate the study treatment. At this visit consent will be obtained to confirm participation in the interventional part of the trial. Clinical tests will be undertaken (lung function tests, questionnaires), and an additional test to obtain a sample of sputum (phlegm) will also be undertaken during this visit. The researchers will not use the current prescribing guidance to decide eligibility for either of the interventional drugs. All children will be randomly allocated to one or the other medication regardless of their IgE levels, or their eosinophil counts. This is because the researchers want to use this trial to decide the best prescription criteria for children. After randomisation, the child will receive their first dose of the trial medication at this visit. The frequency of attending for the trial medication is determined by the drug. If omalizumab is to be given, the frequency of injections (2 or 4 weekly) is determined by the dose. Mepolizumab is always 4 weekly. All children will attend 4 weekly for the medication and as per routine clinical practice, at each visit, they will have lung function tests and complete questionnaires about symptoms and asthma control. The total number of doses of the interventional drug is 13, therefore total duration in the randomisation phase of the trial is 52 weeks. At 4 weeks, 16 weeks and 52 weeks two additional tests will be performed for research (with consent, these are not an absolute requirement for participation), an induced sputum test and blood test. |
| Intervention type | Drug |
| Pharmaceutical study type(s) | |
| Phase | Not Applicable |
| Drug / device / biological / vaccine name(s) | Mepolizumab, omalizumab |
| Primary outcome measure | Current primary outcome measure as of 10/09/2020: 52-week asthma exacerbation rate; defined as the number of asthma attacks requiring high dose systemic steroids (oral, intravenous, or intramuscular) or asthma related admission to hospital (≥4 hours in hospital) measured at 52 weeks _____ Previous primary outcome measure: 52-week asthma exacerbation rate, defined as the number of asthma attacks requiring a short course of high-dose oral steroids (for 3 or more days) or admission to hospital, measured at 52 weeks |
| Secondary outcome measures | Current secondary outcome measures as of 30/07/2024: 1. Asthma severity measured using the composite asthma severity index (CASI) questionnaire at 4, 16, 32, and 52 weeks 2. Quality of life measured using paediatric asthma quality of life (PAQLQ) questionnaire at 4, 16, and 52 weeks 3. Lung function (FEV1, bronchodilator reversibility) measured by spirometry (blowing and breathing tests) at 4, 16, 32, and 52 weeks 4. Exhaled nitric oxide measured by blowing and breathing tests at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, and 52 weeks 5. Asthma control measured using asthma control test (ACT) questionnaire at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, and 52 weeks 6. Inhaled corticosteroid dose (dose determined by the manufacturer that makes the inhaled steroid) at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, and 52 weeks 7. Sputum inflammatory cell count and eosinophil peroxidase measured by sputum test at4, 16, and 52 weeks 8. Patient burden (number of visits and injections) measured using a patient-assessed visual analogue scale at 4, 16, 32, and 52 weeks _____ Previous secondary outcome measures as of 10/09/2020: 1. Asthma severity measured using the composite asthma severity index (CASI) questionnaire at 4, 16, 32, and 52 weeks 2. Quality of life measured using paediatric asthma quality of life (PAQLQ) questionnaire at 4, 16, and 52 weeks 3. Lung function (FEV1, bronchodilator reversibility) measured by spirometry (blowing and breathing tests) at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, and 52 weeks 4. Exhaled nitric oxide measured by blowing and breathing tests at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, and 52 weeks 5. Asthma control measured using asthma control test (ACT) questionnaire at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, and 52 weeks 6. Inhaled corticosteroid dose (dose determined by the manufacturer that makes the inhaled steroid) at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, and 52 weeks 7. Sputum inflammatory cell count and eosinophil peroxidase measured by sputum test at4, 16, and 52 weeks 8. Patient burden (number of visits and injections) measured using a patient-assessed visual analogue scale at 4, 16, 32, and 52 weeks _____ Previous secondary outcome measures: 1. Asthma severity measured using the composite asthma severity index (CASI) questionnaire at weeks 4, 16, 52 2. Quality of life measured using paediatric asthma quality of life (PAQLQ) questionnaire at weeks 4, 16, 52 3. Lung function (FEV1, bronchodilator reversibility) measured by spirometry (blowing and breathing tests) 4 weekly during the trial 4. Exhaled nitric oxide measured by blowing and breathing tests 4 weekly during the trial 5. Asthma control measured using asthma control test (ACT) questionnaire 4 weekly during the trial 6. Inhaled corticosteroid dose (dose determined by the manufacturer that makes the inhaled steroid) measured 4 weekly during the trial 7. Sputum inflammatory cell count and eosinophil peroxidase measured by sputum test at weeks 4, 16, 52 8. Patient burden (number of visits and injections) measured using a patient-assessed visual analogue scale at weeks 4, 16, 52 |
| Overall study start date | 01/08/2019 |
| Overall study end date | 31/07/2026 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Patient |
|---|---|
| Age group | Child |
| Lower age limit | 6 Years |
| Upper age limit | 17 Years |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | Planned Sample Size: 500 into run-in phase (150 into RCT phase); UK Sample Size: 500 into run-in phase (150 into RCT phase) |
| Participant inclusion criteria | Current inclusion criteria as of 02/02/2023: 1. Written informed consent given 2. Aged 6 to 16 years 3. Confirmed diagnosis of asthma 4. Poor asthma control despite being prescribed high dose therapy Inclusion criteria for RCT phase: 1. Written informed consent 2. Children aged 6-17 years 3. Confirmed diagnosis of asthma with one of the following: 3.1. Persistent poor control ≥1 attack after adherence assessment with ≥80% adherence during run-in (STRA) 3.2. Persistent poor control and poor adherence despite optimal efforts to improve adherence, including enhanced monitoring (Refractory DA) 4. Female patients capable of becoming pregnant must agree to use hormonal contraception, intrauterine device, intrauterine hormone-releasing system, or to complete abstinence for the duration of the trial and up to 100 days after the last dose of IMP _____ Previous participant inclusion criteria as of 10/09/2020: Inclusion criteria for run-in phase: 1. Written informed consent given 2. Aged 6 to 16 years 3. Patients capable of becoming pregnant must agree to use hormonal contraception, intrauterine device, intrauterine hormone-releasing system, or to complete abstinence for the duration of the trial and up to 100 days after the last dose of IMP 4. Confirmed diagnosis of asthma 5. Poor asthma control despite being prescribed high dose therapy Inclusion criteria for RCT phase: 1. Children aged 6-17 years 2. Confirmed diagnosis of asthma with one of the following: 2.1. Persistent poor control ≥1 attack after adherence assessment with ≥80% adherence during run-in (STRA) 2.2. Persistent poor control and poor adherence despite optimal efforts to improve adherence, including enhanced monitoring (Refractory DA) _____ Previous participant inclusion criteria: 1. Confirmed diagnosis of asthma 2. On high dose maintenance treatment (>/=800mcg per day budesonide/equivalent and long-acting beta agonist) 3. At least 4 severe attacks (defined as the need for a short course of oral steroids, or hospitalisation) in the previous 12 months, OR if on maintenance oral steroids then at least 2 severe attacks in the last 12 months +/- 4. Poor asthma control defined as a score of < 20 on the Asthma Control Test (ACT) [children aged 12-16 years], or childhood Asthma Control Test (cACT) [children aged 6-11 years] |
| Participant exclusion criteria | Current participant exclusion criteria as of 10/09/2020: 1. Considered unfit for the study or risk of noncompliance with study procedures by the responsible physician as a result of medical interview, physical examination or screening investigation 2. Known hypersensitivity to Omalizumab or Mepolizumab or to any of the excipients 3. History of drug or other allergy, which, in the opinion of the responsible physician, contra-indicates their participation 4. Pregnant, lactating or within 6 weeks post-partum or breast feeding 5. Participated within 3 months in a study using a new molecular entity, another study investigating drugs or in a study with invasive procedures 6. Significant alternative diagnoses that may mimic or complicate asthma, in particular dysfunctional breathing, panic attacks, and overt psychosocial problems (if these are thought to be the main diagnosis; they can be present in addition to asthma major problem rather than in addition to severe asthma) 7. Significant other primary pulmonary disorders in particular cystic fibrosis, or interstitial lung disease 8. Diagnosis of chronic inflammatory diseases other than asthma (e.g. inflammatory bowel disease) Previous participant exclusion criteria: 1. As a result of medical interview, physical examination or screening investigation the physician responsible considers the child unfit for the study or has a risk of non-compliance with study procedures 2. The child has a history of drug or other allergy, which, in the opinion of the responsible physician, contra-indicates their participation 3. Participant is female who is pregnant, lactating or within 6 weeks post-partum or breastfeeding 4. The child has participated within 3 months in a study using a new molecular entity, another study investigating drugs or in a study with invasive procedures 5. Significant alternative diagnoses that may mimic or complicate asthma, in particular dysfunctional breathing, panic attacks, and overt psychosocial problems (if these are thought to be the major problem rather than in addition to severe asthma) 6. Significant other primary pulmonary disorders in particular cystic fibrosis, or interstitial lung disease 7. Diagnosis of chronic inflammatory diseases other than asthma (e.g. inflammatory bowel disease) |
| Recruitment start date | 23/04/2021 |
| Recruitment end date | 31/01/2025 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- England
- Scotland
- United Kingdom
Study participating centres
Sydney Street
London
SW3 6NP
United Kingdom
Oxford Road
Manchester
M13 9WL
United Kingdom
Southampton General Hospital
Tremona Road
Southampton
SO16 6YD
United Kingdom
Stoke-on-Trent
ST4 6QG
United Kingdom
Infirmary Square
Leicester
LE1 5WW
United Kingdom
2-4 Waterloo Place
Edinburgh
EH1 3EG
United Kingdom
Eaton Road
West Derby
Liverpool
L12 2AP
United Kingdom
Birmingham
B4 6NH
United Kingdom
London
SE5 9RS
United Kingdom
Eastern Road
Brighton
BN2 5BE
United Kingdom
Gartnavel Royal Hospital
1055 Great Western Road
Glasgow
G12 0XH
United Kingdom
The Bays
S Wharf Rd
Paddington
London
W2 1NY
United Kingdom
Sponsor information
University/education
c/o Mr Keith Boland
Joint Research Compliance Office
Room 221, Level 2
Medical School Building
Norfolk Place
London
W2 1PG
England
United Kingdom
| Phone | +44 (0)2075949480 |
|---|---|
| k.boland@imperial.ac.uk | |
| Website | http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/ |
"ROR" |
https://ror.org/041kmwe10 |
Funders
Funder type
Government
No information available
Government organisation / National government
- Alternative name(s)
- National Institute for Health Research, NIHR Research, NIHRresearch, NIHR - National Institute for Health Research, NIHR (The National Institute for Health and Care Research), NIHR
- Location
- United Kingdom
Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 31/07/2027 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | Yes |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Available on request |
| Publication and dissemination plan | 1. The study protocol will be available online on the NIHR website at a later date 2. Peer-reviewed scientific journals 3. Internal report 4. Conference presentation 5. Publication on website 6. Other publication |
| IPD sharing plan | The anonymised data can be shared with other researchers following the end of the study. The request should be made to the Chief Investigator Prof. Sejal Saglani (s.saglani@imperial.ac.uk). |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HRA research summary | 28/06/2023 | No | No | ||
| Protocol article | 21/08/2024 | 23/08/2024 | Yes | No |
Editorial Notes
23/08/2024: Publication reference added.
30/07/2024: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The secondary outcome measures were changed.
2. The study website was added.
26/07/2024: The target number of participants was changed from "Planned Sample Size: 500; UK Sample Size: 500" to "Planned Sample Size: 500 into run-in phase (150 into RCT phase); UK Sample Size: 500 into run-in phase (150 into RCT phase)".
26/05/2023: The following changes were made to the study record:
1. The overall study end date was changed from 31/07/2024 to 31/07/2026.
2. The intention to publish date was changed from 31/07/2025 to 31/07/2027.
22/05/2023: The recruitment end date was changed from 31/03/2023 to 31/01/2025.
02/02/2023: The following changes were made to the trial record:
1. The inclusion criteria were changed.
2. The recruitment end date was changed from 01/02/2023 to 31/03/2023.
3. A contact was changed.
4. The plain English summary was updated to reflect these changes.
29/04/2022: Contact details updated.
20/09/2021: Internal review.
21/05/2021: The recruitment start date was changed from 15/03/2021 to 23/04/2021.
02/03/2021: The recruitment start date was changed from 01/03/2021 to 15/03/2021.
15/02/2021: The recruitment start date was changed from 31/10/2020 to 01/03/2021.
10/09/2020: The following changes have been made:
1. The recruitment end date has been changed from 01/09/2020 to 31/10/2020.
2. The primary outcome measure has been updated.
3. The secondary outcome measures have been updated.
4. The participant inclusion criteria have been updated.
5. The participant exclusion criteria have been updated.
6. The target number of participants has been changed from "Planned Sample Size: 150; UK Sample Size: 150" to "Planned Sample Size: 500; UK Sample Size: 500".
7. The total target enrolment number has been changed from 150 to 500.
8. The trial participating centre "Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust" has been added.
08/06/2020: The recruitment start date was changed from 30/04/2020 to 01/09/2020. Ethics approval date added.
11/03/2020: The recruitment start date was changed from 01/02/2020 to 30/04/2020.
13/01/2020: Trial's existence confirmed by the NIHR.
