What are the effects of balance exercises in patients' following total knee replacement ability to perform every day life activities?
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN12101643 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN12101643 |
| Secondary identifying numbers | 1945 |
- Submission date
- 11/03/2017
- Registration date
- 14/03/2017
- Last edited
- 26/04/2023
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Completed
- Condition category
- Musculoskeletal Diseases
Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
Osteoarthritis of the knee is a type of arthritis that is caused by the wear and tear of the cartilage lining the knee joint. This causes pain, stiffness and a loss in mobility (movement). The best treatment option for knee osteoarthritis is to have a total knee replacement (TKR) surgery. TKR is a common procedure where the weight bearing surfaces of the knee joint are replaced with metal and plastic components. This is done to relieve pain and disability. The main complaints of patients who are undergoing TKR due to osteoarthritis are the difficulties performing everyday tasks (such as going up a staircase or walking on uneven roads) and the increased risk of falling. Usual care after a TKR is to undergo rehabilitation that is aimed to increase the muscle and improve the motion of the knees. However, this does not address patient’s difficulties performing daily tasks. Research has shown that rehabilitation that includes specific techniques aimed at increasing balance, managing pain, and improving daily function can reduce the risk of falling and improve surgery outcomes. Despite this knowledge, there are no guidelines as to what type of rehabilitation is the best practice. Following a TKR surgery, patients still have difficulties doing their normal daily activities. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a self-managed rehabilitation programme targeted to improve balance has on improving patient’s daily function.
Who can participate?
Adults aged 65-80 who have osteoarthritis and require a total knee replacement
What does the study involve?
After undergoing total knee replacement surgery, participants are randomly allocated to one of two groups. Those in the first group undergo standard rehabilitative exercises but also undergo self-managed exercises that are aimed at improving balance. This involves daily exercise (including walking) for around 10-20 minutes (building up to 34-40 minutes with time) for 12 weeks. Those in the second group continue with routine rehabilitation care. The same number of exercises are performed by both groups. Participants are assessed to see how well their knee works before the surgery and at eight and 14 weeks post-surgery.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Participants may benefit from the rehabilitation programmes. There are no notable risks with participating, however participants may experience some discomfort during the exercise training.
Where is the study run from?
University Hospital of Rion (Greece)
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
September 2011 to August 2015
Who is funding the study?
1. Queen Mary University (UK)
2. Musculoskeletal Association of Chartered Physiotherapists (UK)
Who is the main contact?
1. Mrs Maria Moutzouri (Scientific)
2. Professor Nigel Gleeson (Scientific)
Contact information
Scientific
Physiotherapy Department
Technological Educational Institute Of Western Greece
Aigio
25100
Greece
 ORCID ID |
0000-0002-7014-892X |
|---|
Scientific
Queen Margaret University
Queen Margaret Drive
Edinburgh
EH21 6UU
United Kingdom
Study information
| Study design | Single-centre interventional single blind prospective randomised controlled trial |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Randomised controlled trial |
| Study setting(s) | Hospital |
| Study type | Treatment |
| Participant information sheet | ISRCTN12101643_PIS_14Mar17.pdf |
| Scientific title | What are the effects of enhanced sensori-motor rehabilitation on indices of functional performance associated with patients following total knee replacement? |
| Study acronym | ESMET |
| Study hypothesis | Sensori-motor rehabilitation training is better that usual care functional exercise training in patients' following knee replacement functional performance. |
| Ethics approval(s) | 1. The Institutional Committees of University Hospital of Patras, 22/08/2011 (Greece) 2. Queen Margaret University Edinburgh, 22/05/2012, ref: 7052/4-7-2011 (UK) |
| Condition | Osteoarthritis |
| Intervention | After a total knee replacement, participants are randomly allocated to either the intervention rehabilitation group or the control rehabilitation group. Randomisation is done using a computer generated programme. Intervention group: Participants undergo the early initialised, self-managed, enhanced sensori-motor programme as well as the standard rehabilitation. This includes participants being prescribed to perform the same number of exercises daily for 35-45 minutes which includes walking (progressively for 10-20 minutes) for six weeks. This is followed by a further six weeks of training (three times weekly for 45 minutes). Participants are taught by a physiotherapist all the required exercises that they should be doing and they are provided with a booklet that contains instructions. Participants who report signs of effusion or discomfort are given clinical help. Participants received support during the programme including encouragement to continue with the self-managed exercises. Control group: Participants receive the usual level of care which consists of 15 exercises, focusing on improving knee motion and muscle strengthening. The same principles are followed in the case of discomfort or participants need clarification about exercises. Participants in both groups are supervised by regular weekly phone-calls with a physiotherapist and/or orthopedic surgeon. Follow up includes a clinical evaluation at the end of the exercise programme, which is 14 weeks post-surgery. Another follow-up is planned for two years from the surgery and includes self-reproted questionnaires (KOOS, KOS- ADLS and SF-12) and takes place over the telephone. |
| Intervention type | Other |
| Primary outcome measure | 1. Function is assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test at baseline, eight and 14 weeks post-surgery 2. Pain is measured using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at baseline, eight and 14 weeks post-surgery |
| Secondary outcome measures | 1. Balance is measured using Biodex balance system at baseline, eight and 14 weeks post-surgery 2. Knee proprioception is measured using joint position error with a bubble inclinometer at baseline, eight and 14 weeks post-surgery 3. Muscle strength is measured using quadriceps maximum voluntary isometric contraction at 60 degrees of knee flexion with Primus Isokinetic dynamometer at baseline, eight and 14 weeks post-surgery 4. Muscle size is measured using rectus femoris cross sectional area with real time ultrasound at baseline, eight and 14 weeks post-surgery 5. Range of knee motion is measured using a goniometer while the patient is sitting at baseline, eight and 14 weeks post-surgery 6. Peak force of quadriceps with Spike electromyographic EMG during isometric contraction on the dynamometer at baseline, eight and 14 weeks post-surgery 7. Daily living function and quality of life are measured using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Knee Outcome Survey: Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADL )and the Short-Form 12 (SF1-2) at baseline, eight, 14 weeks and two years post-surgery |
| Overall study start date | 20/09/2011 |
| Overall study end date | 30/08/2015 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Patient |
|---|---|
| Age group | Adult |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | 60 |
| Total final enrolment | 52 |
| Participant inclusion criteria | 1. Ambulatory patients with osteoarthritis (clinical and radiological findings of advanced osteoarthritis, 6-12 months length of wait for surgery) 2. Undergoing primary standardized cemented total knee replacement by the same surgeon 3. Aged 65-80 years old |
| Participant exclusion criteria | 1. Infection, or complications after total knee replacement (TKR) 2. Scheduled for TKR revision surgery 3. Having had any surgery in their lower limbs affecting their gait 4. Cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure not controlled with medication 5. Neurological/ neuromuscular problems 6. Medical or other musculoskeletal problems that could affect ability to complete objective assessments |
| Recruitment start date | 20/05/2012 |
| Recruitment end date | 30/05/2014 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- Greece
Study participating centre
Rio 265 04
Patras
26504
Greece
Sponsor information
University/education
Queen Margaret Drive
Musselburgh
Edinburgh
EH21 6UU
Scotland
United Kingdom
| Phone | +44 131 474 0000 |
|---|---|
| ngleeson@qmu.ac.uk | |
| Website | http://www.qmu.ac.uk/ |
"ROR" |
https://ror.org/002g3cb31 |
Funders
Funder type
University/education
Private sector organisation / Universities (academic only)
- Alternative name(s)
- Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, QMU
- Location
- United Kingdom
No information available
Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 31/07/2017 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | No |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Stored in repository |
| Publication and dissemination plan | Systematic reviews and surveys to help with setting the protocol published in Medline journals. |
| IPD sharing plan | The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study will be stored in a non-publically available repository at the Technological Education Institute of Western Greece and can be accessed after the an application and approval from the Institute and from Queen Margaret University. |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participant information sheet | 14/03/2017 | 15/03/2017 | No | Yes | |
| Results article | results | 01/07/2018 | Yes | No | |
| Other publications | Secondary analysis | 17/05/2019 | 26/04/2023 | Yes | No |
Additional files
- ISRCTN12101643_PIS_14Mar17.pdf
- Uploaded 15/03/2017
Editorial Notes
26/04/2023: Publication reference and total final enrolment added.
30/05/2018: Publication reference added.
10/01/2018: Internal review.
