Radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN49817477 |
|---|---|
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN49817477 |
| EudraCT/CTIS number | 2018-002583-11 |
| IRAS number | 261785 |
| ClinicalTrials.gov number | NCT03705403 |
| Secondary identifying numbers | IRAS 261785 , 18-068 |
- Submission date
- 26/05/2020
- Registration date
- 07/06/2020
- Last edited
- 04/06/2024
- Recruitment status
- No longer recruiting
- Overall study status
- Ongoing
- Condition category
- Cancer
Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
The aim of this study is to verify whether immunotherapy (the study medication L19-IL2) after a standard treatment such as radiotherapy, is more effective than the current standard treatment alone in fighting advanced lung cancer, specifically non-small cell lung cancer that has spread beyond the lungs.
By giving the study medication L19-IL2 after the radiation therapy, a large number of the cancer cells will first be killed by radiation and then the immune system will give an additional boost which may improve control of the cancer. Unlike other anticancer treatments (such as chemotherapy) immunotherapy does not directly fight the cancer cells themselves. Immunotherapy stimulates the immune system, so that it can better recognise, attack and destroy the cancer cells. IL2 (Interleukin-2) is a signalling substance which activates immune cells directed against the tumour. In this way the immune system may become strong enough to fight the tumour. In order to take IL2 directly to the tumour sites, it is linked to a protein, L19 to form the study medication. This protein binds to newly formed blood vessels. Many types of cancer cause the development of newly-formed blood vessels to feed the tumour and allow it to grow. The protein L19 takes the signalling substance IL2 to the centre of the tumour where the immune cells will become activated.
In the past, the study medication L19-IL2 has been studied in patients with different types of cancer, both alone and in combination with chemotherapy. The medicine can be administered alone or in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and does not cause unacceptable side effects in these combinations. Previous research on animals appears to show that the combination of radiation and the study medication L19-IL2 works much better than each of the treatments separately (radiation alone, or immunotherapy alone).
In this study, the outcomes of patients receiving standard care in a number of European hospitals will be compared to the outcomes of patients at the same hospitals receiving standard care followed by the study medication L19-IL2 as immunotherapy.
Who can participate?
Adult patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer
What does the study involve?
Participants will be randomly allocated to either receive standard care alone, or standard care followed by the study medication L19-IL2.
The standard treatment for patients with maximum 5 metastases (tumours at distant sites, additional to the original/primary tumour) involves of high-dose (SABR) radiotherapy and potentially therapy with chemotherapy, immunotherapy or a combination of both. The standard treatment for patients with 6 to 10 metastases usually receive treatment with chemotherapy, immunotherapy or a combination of both. They may also receive radiotherapy. Radiation will be applied to a maximum of 5 metastases for patients. The research doctors in this study will provide standard treatment following their local guidelines as this may vary between countries.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
It is not clear whether there will be any individual participant benefits from participating in this study. A possible benefit is that the combination of radiotherapy with immunotherapy could keep the disease under
control for a longer period of time, and it could be possible that it could disappear completely.
The possible risks of participating are the possible side effects of the study medication L19-IL2. Additionally, there may be disruptions caused due to not being allowed to become pregnant during the study period, and the time spent attending appointments and receiving additional tests and investigations. It is, therefore, possible that participants could experience negative side effects only, and do not benefit at all from the proposed study treatment.
Where is the study run from?
The study is run from Maastricht University (lead centre) and 3 other hospitals in the Netherlands, 4 hospitals in Belgium, 2 hospitals in France, 3 hospitals in Germany, and 1 hospital in the United Kingdom.
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
From January 2017 to January 2025
Who is funding the study?
H2020 European Research Council (EU)
Who is the main contact?
Mrs N Thieme
immunosabr@maastrichtuniversity.nl
Contact information
Public
Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences
Universiteitssingel 40
Maastricht University
Maastricht
6229
Netherlands
| Phone | +31(0)43 3882334 |
|---|---|
| immunosabr@maastrichtuniversity.nl |
Scientific
Maastricht University
P.O. Box 616
Maastricht
6200
Netherlands
 ORCID ID |
0000-0002-2841-5334 |
|---|---|
| Phone | +31 (0)43 3882334 |
| immunosabr@maastrichtuniversity.nl |
Study information
| Study design | Multicentre randomized controlled open-label phase II trial |
|---|---|
| Primary study design | Interventional |
| Secondary study design | Randomised parallel trial |
| Study setting(s) | Hospital |
| Study type | Treatment |
| Participant information sheet | Not available in web format, please contact us on our website (https://www.immunosabr.info/) |
| Scientific title | Multicentre, randomised, phase II study examining the activity of L19-IL2 immunotherapy and Stereotactic ABlative Radiotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: ImmunoSABR |
| Study acronym | ImmunoSABR |
| Study hypothesis | Combining Immunocytokines with (Stereotactic Ablative Body) Radiotherapy (SAB)R will lead to: 1. A direct cytotoxic effect of SABR to all irradiated metastatic lesions in the irradiation field 2. An immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by radiation which will, in combination with L19-IL2, create a systemic out of field radio-immune (OFRI) effect thus eliminating micrometastases and macrometastases outside the irradiation field (watch the animation on https://youtu.be/6wDE6RkrikA) 3. A memory effect, induced by the ICD, subsequently leading to less long term relapses |
| Ethics approval(s) | Approved 03/04/2019, Medical Ethical Committee of Academic hospital Maastricht (University of Maastricht, Postbus 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, Netherlands; secretariaat.metc@mumc.nl;+31(0)43-3876009), ref: NL67629.068.18 |
| Condition | Advanced non-small cell lung cancer, stage IV |
| Intervention | The patients included in the trial will be stratified for the metastatic load (oligo; max 5 or diffuse; 6-10 metastases). After randomisation, patients will be assigned either to the experimental arm or the standard of care (SOC) arm. Depending on the metastatic load, patients with (max 5 metastases) will receive in the experimental arm SABR to all lesions followed by L19-IL2 (+ aPD(L)1 if SOC). Patients with more extensive metastatic disease (6 to up to 10 metastasis) in the experimental arm will be included following first or second line treatment with a platinum doublet and receive radiotherapy to at least one (symptomatic) lesion, followed by L19-IL2 (+ aPD(L)1 if SOC).Control: standard of care (SABR/conventional radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy) Experimental: SABR combined with 6 cycles of L19-IL2 (15 MIO IU; IV injection over 3 hours) immunocytokine treatment (+ aPD(L)1 if SOC). |
| Intervention type | Drug |
| Pharmaceutical study type(s) | |
| Phase | Phase II |
| Drug / device / biological / vaccine name(s) | Darleukin |
| Primary outcome measure | Progression Free Survival (PFS) at 1.5 years after randomisation |
| Secondary outcome measures | 1. Progression Free Survival (PFS) at 5 years after randomisation 2. Overall survival at 5 years after randomisation 3. Toxicity measured using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0) at 1.5 years after randomisation 4. Quality of Life measured using the Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 Items (QLQ-C30 v3.0) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire Lung Cancer Module (QLQ-LC13) (by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Group), and the EuroQol Group EQ-5D at 1.5 years after randomisation 5. The occurrence of an Out of Field Radio-Immune (OFRI) response/the abscopal effect using imaging, based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria at 1.5 years after randomisation 6. The occurrence of an In Field Radio-Immune (IFRI) response, based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria at 1.5 years after randomisation |
| Overall study start date | 01/01/2017 |
| Overall study end date | 31/01/2025 |
Eligibility
| Participant type(s) | Patient |
|---|---|
| Age group | Adult |
| Lower age limit | 18 Years |
| Sex | Both |
| Target number of participants | 126 |
| Total final enrolment | 88 |
| Participant inclusion criteria | Oligometastatic disease participants: 1. Histological/cytological confirmed limited metastatic adult NSCLC patients, regardless of the PD-L1 status 2. ≤5 metastatic lesions and ≤2 brain lesions with a total cumulative diameter of 5 cm 3. In patients with 2 lung tumours, it can be unclear if the patient has 2 concurrent primary tumours or a primary lung tumour with 1 metastasis. Whether the patient has an M1 disease or not will be at the discretion of the local multidisciplinary tumour board. 4. Prior cancer treatments must have been discontinued for ≥4 weeks before randomisation. In case of maintenance chemotherapy, this therapy will only be started after the end of the L19-IL2 treatment or only in case of Anti-PD(L)1 treatment, during L19-IL2 therapy. Poly-metastatic disease participants: 1. Histological/cytological confirmed limited metastatic adult NSCLC patients, regardless of the PD-L1 status 2. Between 6 and 10 metastatic lesions, inclusive, and ≤2 brain lesion with a total cumulative diameter of 5cm 3. Last administration of chemo and/or immunotherapy (given as a first or second-line standard of care treatment) ≥4 weeks before randomisation. In case of maintenance chemotherapy, this therapy will only be started after the end of the L19-IL2 treatment or only in case of Anti-PD(L)1 treatment, during L19-IL2 therapy. All participants: 1. Aged ≥18 years 2. WHO performance status 0-1 3. Adequate bone marrow function, evaluated in the local laboratory (Lab): Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) of ≥1.0 x 109 /l, platelet count ≥100 x 109 /l, Haemoglobin (Hb) ≥6.0 mmol/l (or 9.67 g/dl) (it is allowed to give a blood transfusion if Hb is initially too low) 4. Adequate hepatic function (evaluated in the local lab): total bilirubin ≤1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for the institution; ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase ≤2.5 x ULN for the institution or ≤5 in case of liver metastasis) 5. Adequate renal function (evaluated in the local lab): creatinine clearance of ≥40 ml/min 5. Capable of complying with study procedures 6. Life expectancy of ≥12 weeks 7. Negative serum pregnancy test for females of childbearing potential. 8. Ability to comply with contraception requirements: 8.1. Non-sterilised, sexually active male patient with a female partner who is of child-bearing age, must use two acceptable birth control methods like a condom combined with spermicidal cream or gel from the first dose of study medication, during the study and at least up to 12 weeks after the last administration of the study medicine and up to 5 months after the last dose of the medicine with anti-PDL)1 as an action mechanism (if you get this product besides the study medicine) 8.2. Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) and WOCBP partners of male patients must be using, from the screening to three months following the last study drug administration and 5 months after last dose of anti-PD(L)1 maintenance treatment, effective contraception methods as defined by the "Recommendations for contraception and pregnancy testing in clinical trials" issued by the Head of Medicine Agencies' Clinical Trial Facilitation Group (www.hma.eu/ctfg.html): 8.2.1. IUD (IUD) or intrauterine hormone delivery system (IUS) 8.2.2. Combined (with estrogen and progesterone) hormonal contraception associated with ovulation inhibition (oral, intravaginal, transdermal) 8.2.3. Hormonal contraception with progesterone-only associated with ovulation inhibition (oral, injectable, implantable) 9. Signed and dated written informed consent given |
| Participant exclusion criteria | 1. ≥10 metastatic lesions 2. ≥2 brain metastatic lesions 3. 2 brain metastases with a cumulative diameter ≥5 cm 4. Patients with non-infectious pneumonitis, uncontrolled thyroid disease, pleuritis, pericarditis and peritonitis carcinomatosis 5. Received live vaccines ≤30 days prior to enrolment 6. Already actively participating in another study 7. Requiring simultaneous radiation on the primary tumour and metastatic lesion(s). For these patients, it might be an option to treat the primary tumour first, although this is not mandatory for this study. 8. Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is not allowed, although it is accepted when given at ≤4 weeks prior to randomisation or after the treatment period. Patients with stable brain metastases are not excluded. 9. Previous radiotherapy to an area that would be re-treated by (SAB)R, resulting in overlap of the high dose areas. 10. Maintenance therapy with Anti-PD(L)1 treatment combined with chemotherapy during treatment ((SAB)R and L19-IL2 cycles) 11. Other active malignancy or malignancy within the last 2 years (except localised skin basal/squamous cell carcinoma, non-muscle invasive carcinoma of the bladder or in situ carcinoma from any site) 12. Concomitantly administered glucocorticoids (these may decrease the activity of IL2 and therefore should be avoided). However, patients who develop life-threatening signs or symptoms may be treated with dexamethasone until toxicity resolves or reduces to an acceptable level (generally grade 1 and 2, however, must be based at the research physician’s discretion). 13. History of allergy to intravenously administered proteins/peptides/antibodies/ radiographic contrast media 14. HIV positive, active HIV infection, or active hepatitis B or C (assessed in local lab) 15. Systemic treatment with either corticosteroid (>10 mg daily prednisone equivalents) or Interferon alpha or immunosuppressive medications ≤14 days prior to randomisation. Topical or inhalation steroids are allowed. If a patient needs to take unexpectedly immunosuppressive medication during the trial, it will be allowed but decreasing the dose as soon as possible is strongly advised. 16. Prior history of organ transplant, including autologous stem cell transplant 17. Acute or sub-acute coronary syndromes within the last year, acute inflammatory heart disease, heart insufficiency NYHA >2, or irreversible cardiac arrhythmias 18. A known impaired cardiac function defined as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50% (or below the study site’s lower limit of normal) as measured by MUGA or ECHO 19. Uncontrolled hypertensive disease: systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥160 or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥100 mmHg during two measurements 20. History or evidence of active autoimmune disease 21. Severe diabetic retinopathy (neoangiogenesis targeted by L19 outside the tumour) 22. Major trauma, including oncologic surgery, but excluding smaller procedures like the placement of porth-à-cath or surgical biopsy, ≤4 weeks prior to randomisation (neoangiogenesis targeted by L19 outside a tumour) 23. Any underlying mental, medical, or psychiatric condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, will make administration of study drug hazardous or hinder the interpretation of study results 24. Unstable or serious concurrent uncontrolled medical conditions 25. Pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is well known that ED-B, the target of both L19IL2, is expressed in a variety of foetal tissues. Furthermore, anti-PD(L)1 treatment may increase the risk of immune-mediated disorders. Therefore, it will be contra-indicated for pregnant or lactating women. |
| Recruitment start date | 03/04/2019 |
| Recruitment end date | 31/12/2023 |
Locations
Countries of recruitment
- Belgium
- England
- France
- Germany
- Italy
- Netherlands
- United Kingdom
Study participating centres
Maastricht
6229HX
Netherlands
Amsterdam
1066 CX
Netherlands
Nijmegen
6525 GA
Netherlands
Rotterdam
3015 GD
Netherlands
London
NW1 2BU
United Kingdom
Dresden
01307
Germany
Heidelberg
69120
Germany
Tübingen
72076
Germany
Lille
59000
France
Parc Euromédecine
Montpellier
34298
France
Brussel
1200
Belgium
Gent
9000
Belgium
Leuven
3000
Belgium
Wilrijk
2610
Belgium
Sponsor information
Hospital/treatment centre
P.O. Box 616
Maastricht
6200
Netherlands
| Phone | +31 (0)43 3883549 |
|---|---|
| immnosabr@maastrichtuniversity.nl | |
| Website | http://www.mumc.nl/en |
"ROR" |
https://ror.org/02jz4aj89 |
Funders
Funder type
Government
No information available
Government organisation / National government
- Alternative name(s)
- H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council, European Research Council, H2020 Wissenschaftsexzellenz - Für das Einzelziel 'Europäischer Forschungsrat (ERC)', H2020 Ciencia Excelente - Consejo Europeo de Investigación (CEI), H2020 Excellence Scientifique - Conseil européen de la recherche (CER), H2020 Eccellenza Scientifica - Consiglio europeo della ricerca (CER), H2020 Doskonała Baza Naukowa - Europejska Rada ds. Badań Naukowych (ERBN), EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council, WISSENSCHAFTSEXZELLENZ - Für das Einzelziel 'Europäischer Forschungsrat, CIENCIA EXCELENTE - Consejo Europeo de Investigación, EXCELLENCE SCIENTIFIQUE - Conseil européen de la recherche, ECCELLENZA SCIENTIFICA - Consiglio europeo della ricerca, DOSKONAŁA BAZA NAUKOWA - Europejska Rada ds. Badań Naukowych, ERC, CEI, CER, ERBN
Results and Publications
| Intention to publish date | 31/12/2025 |
|---|---|
| Individual participant data (IPD) Intention to share | No |
| IPD sharing plan summary | Not provided at time of registration |
| Publication and dissemination plan | Planned publication of: 1. Study protocol 2. Results of first 15 patients who received triple treatment combination 3. Results of all 126 patients their PFS/OS after 1.5 years 4. Results of all 126 patients their PFS/OS after 5 years 5. Secondary and exploratory results |
| IPD sharing plan | The data sharing plans for the current study are unknown and will be made available at a later date |
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protocol article | protocol | 15/06/2020 | 17/06/2020 | Yes | No |
Editorial Notes
04/06/2024: The following changes were made to the study record:
1. The recruitment end date was changed from 30/06/2024 to 31/12/2023.
2. The overall study end date was changed from 31/12/2025 to 31/01/2025.
3. The intention to publish date was changed from 31/12/2026 to 31/12/2025.
4. Total final enrolment added.
02/06/2023: The following changes were made to the study record:
1. The recruitment end date was changed from 01/06/2023 to 30/06/2024.
2. The overall study end date was changed from 01/12/2024 to 31/12/2025.
3. The intention to publish date was changed from 01/12/2025 to 31/12/2026.
11/07/2022: The intention to publish date has been changed from 01/01/2025 to 01/12/2025.
08/07/2022: The overall trial end date has been changed from 01/01/2024 to 01/12/2024 and the plain English summary updated accordingly.
10/06/2022: The following changes have been made:
1. The recruitment end date has been changed from 01/06/2022 to 01/06/2023.
2. The overall trial end date has been changed from 01/01/2023 to 01/01/2024 and the plain English summary updated accordingly.
3. The intention to publish date has been changed from 01/01/2023 to 01/01/2025.
17/06/2020: Publication reference added.
28/05/2020: Trial’s existence confirmed by the Medical Ethical Committee of Academic Hospital Maastricht (University of Maastricht).
