Plain English Summary
Background and study aims
Malnutrition is still a problem in developing countries such as Indonesia. Undernutrition can cause damage to the mucus in the intestines (intestinal atrophy) causing problems in the intestines including not being able to absorbed nutrients, problems with the pancreas, and lactose intolerance. Intestinal atrophy in malnourished children can be rehabilitated with improving intestinal mucosal thickness in malnourished infants after nutritional rehabilitation. Supplementation of some nutritional components is essential in regenerating the intestinal mucosa. Some components of nutrients that can repair the intestinal mucosa include glutamine, zinc, prebiotics, and dietary fiber. In this research, biscuits will be fortified with glutamine, zinc, probiotics, and dietary fiber as therapy to improve the integrity of intestinal mucosa in children with undernutrition. The aim of this study is to see if the intestinal mucus and nutrition status can be improved with fortified biscuits in children.
Who can participate?
Children aged 12-18 months who are malnourished.
What does the study involve?
Participants are randomly allocated to one of two groups. Those in the first group receive a fortified biscuits twice a day to take as a supplement. Those in the second group receive a placebo (dummy) biscuit twice a day. Participants are followed up with urine tests, and stool tests at three and six months.
What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Participants may benefits from receiving biscuits which contains nutrients. The biscuit had been proven to give advantages for better nutritional status. Thus, the Control group will be expected to have increasing nutritional status. Since the Intervention biscuits will be fortified with more zinc, glutamine, inulin, and fibre, writer have the hypothesis that Intervention group will have better increment nutritional status through improvement in intestinal mucosa permeability. Any costs of this research will not be charged to the participant's parents, thus saving the family's daily expenses for their child's food supplementation. Participants are expected to have better nutritional status leading to better health. Therefore, they will have bigger opportunity to grow as healthy adults and better performance in school. Although it’s rare, there are possible adverse effects of consuming the biscuit/s including bloating, diarrhea, flatulence, and abdominal discomfort.
Where is the study run from?
This study is taking place in neighborhood groups in Posyandus in Palmerah District, West Jakarta (Indonesia).
When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
January 2017 to December 2018
Who is funding the study?
Investigator initiated and funded (Indonesia)
Who is the main contact?
Dr Eva Jeumpa Soelaeman (Scientific)
humas@fk.ui.ac.id
Study website
Additional identifiers
EudraCT/CTIS number
IRAS number
ClinicalTrials.gov number
Protocol/serial number
17-06-0605
Study information
Scientific title
Effects of biscuit supplementation fortified with zinc, glutamine, prebiotics, and dietary fiber on intestinal mucosal rehabilitation in children aged 12-18 months with undernutrition: A Study of Integrity of Intestinal Mucosa and Growth
Acronym
Study hypothesis
1. Improving the integrity of the intestinal mucose is better by administering biscuits fortified with glutamine, zinc, prebiotics and dietary fibers than by giving biscuits without fortification in undernourished children aged 12-18 months, assessed by IFAB, AAT and calprotectin examinations.
2. Improvement in nutrient absorption is better in biscuits fortified with glutamine, zinc, prebiotics and dietary fiber than in those without fortified biscuits in undernourished children aged 12-18 months, assessed by stool steatocrite examination.
3. Improved growth / better nutritional status in the administration of biscuits fortified with glutamine, zinc, prebiotics and dietary fiber than if given biscuits without fortification in children less than 12-18 months of age, assessed by anthropometric examination (body weight and body lenght).
Ethics approval(s)
Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia and Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta, 19/06/2017, ref: 568 / UN2.F1 / ETIK / 2017 and protocol number: 17-06-0605
Study design
Interventional single-centered study
Primary study design
Interventional
Secondary study design
Randomised controlled trial
Study setting(s)
Community
Study type
Treatment
Patient information sheet
Not available, because the participants have not been recruited yet
Condition
Malnourishment
Intervention
Interventions are performed by giving biscuits fortified with glutamine, zinc, prebiotics, and dietary fiber to the subjects. The subjects of 68 people are randomly allocated to one of two groups, namely 34 people in the intervention group and 34 control groups. Randomisation is done by block technique 4 (four). Interventions are double-blinded with biscuit packaging, both fortified and placebo, made in the same form and packaging, differing only in content. In the intervention group, participants receive fortified biscuits as much as two pieces per day as a dietary supplement. Those in the control group receive a placebo biscuit as much as two pieces per day as a dietary supplement.
Intervention type
Supplement
Primary outcome measure
1. Improvement in intestinal integrity in undernourished children 12-18 months with improvement in markers of bowel integrity through examination of Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein (IFABP), Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (AAT), and Calprotectin in children ages 12-18 months with malnutrition:
1.1. IFABP is measured using “urine” tests, ELISA method, at baseline, 3 months and 6 months
1.2. Calprotectin is measured using “stool” tests, ELISA method, at baseline, 3 and 6 months
1.3. AAT is measured using “stool” tests, ELISA method, at baseline, 3 and 6 months
Secondary outcome measures
1. Improvement in nutrient absorption, marked with improvement in Steatocrite level measured using “stool” tests, ELISA method at baseline, 3 and 6 months
2. Improvement in nutritional status. Nutritional status is based on improvement in Z-Score (WHZ and HAZ), measured at the end of every month during 6 months of intervention. Weight is measured using digital weight scale for children under 2 years old (brand will be confirmed later). Height is measured using manual height scale (brand will be confirmed later). WHZ and HAZ are calculated by Anthropometry Calculator Application published by WHO.
Overall study start date
01/01/2017
Overall study end date
31/12/2018
Reason abandoned (if study stopped)
Eligibility
Participant inclusion criteria
1. Age 12-18 months
2. Malnutrition
3. Parents are willing to sign informed consent after being briefed and informed about the research
Participant type(s)
Patient
Age group
Child
Lower age limit
12 Months
Upper age limit
18 Months
Sex
Both
Target number of participants
Minimum 68 persons
Participant exclusion criteria
Suffering from chronic illness (congenital heart disease, nephrotic syndrome, digestive problems, worms and other chronic diseases).
Recruitment start date
01/02/2018
Recruitment end date
31/05/2018
Locations
Countries of recruitment
Indonesia
Study participating centre
Palmerah district
Palmerah district
West Jakarta
11420
Indonesia
Sponsor information
Organisation
University Indonesia
Sponsor details
Faculty of Medicine
Jl. Salemba Raya No. 4
Jakarta
10430
Indonesia
+6221 31930373
humas@fk.ui.ac.id
Sponsor type
University/education
Website
ROR
Funders
Funder type
Other
Funder name
Investigator initiated and funded
Alternative name(s)
Funding Body Type
Funding Body Subtype
Location
Results and Publications
Publication and dissemination plan
Planned publication in a high-impact peer reviewed journal.
Intention to publish date
31/12/2019
Individual participant data (IPD) sharing plan
The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study during this study will be included in the subsequent results publication.
IPD sharing plan summary
Other
Study outputs
| Output type | Details | Date created | Date added | Peer reviewed? | Patient-facing? |
|---|